TY  - JOUR
ID  - 5
T1  - The Trade-Off between Production and Transportation Costs in Determining Optimal Plant Size
JF  - Strategic Management Journal
A1  - Karnani,Aneel
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
PY  - 1983///
N2  - An important element of manufacturing strategy is to decide on the shipping radius and the size of a geographically focused plant. This decision involves a trade-off between exploiting economies of scale in production by building a large plant and decreasing transportation costs by building a small plant. The paper presents a model for analysing this trade-off. It is shown that scale economies in transportation facilitate the exploitation of production economies of scale. For an optimal sized plant, the ratio of transportation to production costs does not depend on the absolute cost levels in production and transportation, but only the economies of scale present in production and in transportation.
SP  - 45
EP  - 54
SN  - 01432095
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
ID  - 25
T1  - PostgreSQL 8.1.4 Documentation
A1  - The PostgreSQL Global Development Group,
PY  - 2005///
UR  - http://www.postgresql.org/docs/manuals/
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
ID  - 26
T1  - Biomass feedstock availability in the United States: 1999 state level analysis
A1  - Walsh,Marie
A1  - Perlack,Robert
A1  - Turhollow,A. F
A1  - de la Torre Ugarte,Daniel
A1  - Becker,Denny A
A1  - Graham,Robin L
A1  - Slinsky,Stephen E
A1  - Ray,Daryll E
PB  - Department of Energy and Oak Ridge National Laboratory
PY  - 2000/01//
SP  - –
EP  - –
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
ID  - 54
T1  - Strategic Assessment of Bioenergy Development in the West: Spatial Analysis and Supply Curve Development
A1  - Parker,N.
A1  - Tittmann,P.
A1  - Hart,Q.
A1  - Jenkins,B.
PB  - Western Governors' Association
PY  - 2008/09/01/
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
ID  - 75
T1  - GAMS User Guide
A1  - McCarl,B. A
PB  - GAMS Development Corporation
PY  - 2004///
SP  - –
EP  - –
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
ID  - 87
T1  - Biomass as Feedstock for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry: The Technical Feasibility of a Billion-Ton Annual Supply
A1  - Perlack,Robert D
A1  - Wright,Lynn L
A1  - Turhollow,Anthony F
A1  - Graham,Robin L
A1  - Stokes,Bryce J
A1  - Erbach,Donald C
PB  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
PY  - 2005/06//
SP  - –75
EP  - –75
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 109
T1  - Optimizing forest biomass exploitation for energy supply at a regional level
JF  - Biomass and Bioenergy
A1  - Freppaz,Davide
A1  - Minciardi,Riccardo
A1  - Robba,Michela
A1  - Rovatti,Mauro
A1  - Sacile,Roberto
A1  - Taramasso,Angela
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
PY  - 2004///
N2  - A decision support system for forest biomass exploitation for energy production purposes is presented. In the proposed approach, geographic information system based techniques are integrated with mathematical programming methods to yield a comprehensive system that allows the formalisation of the problem, decision taking, and evaluation of effects. The aim of this work is to assess the possibility of biomass exploitation for both thermal and electric energy production in a given area, while relating this use to an efficient and sustainable management of the forests within the same territory. The decision support system allows for the locating of plants and the computing of their optimal sizing (defining which kind of energy is convenient to produce for the specific area), taking into account several aspects (economic, technical, regulatory, and social) and deciding how to plan biomass collection and harvesting. A case study applied to a small Italian mountain area is presented.
KW  - Biomass
KW  - Decision
KW  - Energy
KW  - exploitation
KW  - Geographic
KW  - information
KW  - Optimization
KW  - planning
KW  - Regional
KW  - Renewable
KW  - support
KW  - system
KW  - systems
SP  - 15
EP  - 25
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 120
T1  - A Geographic Information System-based modeling system for evaluating the cost of delivered energy crop feedstock
JF  - Biomass and Bioenergy
A1  - Graham,Robert L
A1  - English,Burton C
A1  - Noon,Charles E
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
PY  - 2000///
N2  - The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for understanding the geographic context of bioenergy supplies is discussed and a regional-scale, GIS-based modeling system for estimating potential biomass supplies from energy crops is described. While GIS models can capture geographic variation that may influence biomass costs and supplies, GIS models are not likely to handle uncertainty well and are often limited by the lack of spatially explicit data. The presented modeling system estimates the costs and environmental implications of supplying specified amounts of energy crop feedstock across a state. The system considers where energy crops could be grown, the spatial variability in their yield, and transportation costs associated with acquiring feedstock for an energy facility. The modeling system was used to estimate potential switchgrass costs and supplies in eleven US states. Transportation costs increased with increased facility demand and were lowest in Iowa, North Dakota and South Dakota and highest in South Carolina, Missouri, Georgia, and Alabama. Farmgate feedstock costs were lowest in Alabama, North Dakota and South Dakota and highest in Iowa and Nebraska. Across the eleven states, delivered feedstock costs ranged from $33 to $55/dry tonne to supply a facility requiring 100,000 tonne/yr. Delivered feedstock costs for a 630,000 tonne/yr facility ranged from $36 to $58/dry tonne.
KW  - Cost
KW  - Feedstock
KW  - GIS
KW  - Model
KW  - Price
KW  - states
KW  - Supply
KW  - Switchgrass
KW  - Transportation
KW  - United
SP  - 309
EP  - 329
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
ID  - 124
T1  - Using ArcGIS Spatial Analyst
CY  - Redlands
A1  - McCoy,J.
PB  - ESRI
PY  - 2005///
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 131
T1  - Economic feasibility of producing ethanol from lignocellulosic feedstocks
JF  - Bioresource Technology
A1  - Kaylen,Michael
A1  - Van Dyne,Donald L
A1  - Choi,Youn-Sang
A1  - Blase,Melvin
VL  - 72
IS  - 1
PY  - 2000///
N2  - A mathematical programming model is built to analyze the economic feasibility of producing ethanol from lignocellulosic feedstocks. The optimal size of an ethanol plant is determined by the trade-off between increasing transportation costs for feedstocks versus decreasing average plant costs as the plant size increases. The ethanol plant is modeled under the assumption that it utilizes recent technological advancements in dilute acid hydrolysis. Potential feedstocks include energy crops, crop residues and woody biomass. It is found that the recent technological advancements appear to make ethanol competitive with gasoline, but only if higher valued chemicals are produced as co-products with the ethanol. The low cost and chemical composition of crop residues make them attractive as a feedstock.
KW  - acid
KW  - Dilute
KW  - Economic
KW  - Ethanol
KW  - feasibility
KW  - hydrolysis
KW  - Lignocellulose
SP  - 19
EP  - 32
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 224
T1  - Facility location and supply chain management - A review
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
M3  - 10.1016/j.ejor.2008.05.007
A1  - Melo,M. T
A1  - Nickel,S.
A1  - Saldanha-da-Gama,F.
VL  - 196
IS  - 2
PY  - 2009///
N2  - Facility location decisions play a critical role in the strategic design of supply chain networks. In this paper, a literature review of facility location models in the context of supply chain management is given. We identify basic features that such models must capture to support decision-making involved in strategic supply chain planning. In particular, the integration of location decisions with other decisions relevant to the design of a supply chain network is discussed. Furthermore, aspects related to the structure of the supply chain network, including those specific to reverse logistics, are also addressed. Significant contributions to the current state-of-the-art are surveyed taking into account numerous factors. Supply chain performance measures and optimization techniques are also reviewed. Applications of facility location models to supply chain network design ranging across various industries are presented. Finally, a list of issues requiring further research are highlighted. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW  - chain
KW  - design
KW  - Facility
KW  - location;
KW  - management;
KW  - Network
KW  - Supply
SP  - 401
EP  - 412
SN  - 0377-2217
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
ID  - 259
T1  - Economic Simulation of Bioenergy Crop Adoption.
CY  - Davis
A1  - Jenner,M.
A1  - Yi,F.
A1  - Alonso,M.
A1  - Kaffka,S.
PY  - 2010/05//
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
ID  - 262
T1  - GDAL - Geospatial Data Abstraction Library, Version x.x.x
A1  - GDAL Development Team,GDAL Development
PY  - 2010///
UR  - http://www.gdal.org
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 265
T1  - PostGIS manual
JF  - Refractions Research Inc
A1  - Ramsey,P.
PY  - 2005///
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
ID  - 266
T1  - The NASS cropland data layer program
JF  - Third Annual International Conference on Geospatial Information in Agriculture, Denver, CO, November 5
CY  - Denver, CO
A1  - Craig,M. E.
VL  - 7
PY  - 2001/11/05/
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
ID  - 267
T1  - Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) Database
A1  - Soil Survey Staff,
PB  - atural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture
UR  - http://soils.usda.gov/survey/geography/ssurgo/
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
ID  - 269
T1  - Theory of the Location of Industries
CY  - Chicago
A1  - Weber,Alfred
PB  - University of Chicago Press
PY  - 1929///
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 270
T1  - Central facilities location
JF  - Geographical Analysis
A1  - ReVelle,C. S
A1  - Swain,R.
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
PY  - 1970///
SP  - 30
EP  - 42
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 271
T1  - Strategic facility location: A review
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
M3  - 10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00186-6
A1  - Owen,Susan Hesse
A1  - Daskin,Mark S.
VL  - 111
IS  - 3
PY  - 1998/12/16/
N2  - Facility location decisions are a critical element in strategic planning for a wide range of private and public firms. The ramifications of siting facilities are broadly based and long-lasting, impacting numerous operational and logistical decisions. High costs associated with property acquisition and facility construction make facility location or relocation projects long-term investments. To make such undertakings profitable, firms plan for new facilities to remain in place and in operation for an extended time period. Thus, decision makers must select sites that will not simply perform well according to the current system state, but that will continue to be profitable for the facility's lifetime, even as environmental factors change, populations shift, and market trends evolve. Finding robust facility locations is thus a difficult task, demanding that decision makers account for uncertain future events. The complexity of this problem has limited much of the facility location literature to simplified static and deterministic models. Although a few researchers initiated the study of stochastic and dynamic aspects of facility location many years ago, most of the research dedicated to these issues has been published in recent years. In this review, we report on literature which explicitly addresses the strategic nature of facility location problems by considering either stochastic or dynamic problem characteristics. Dynamic formulations focus on the difficult timing issues involved in locating a facility (or facilities) over an extended horizon. Stochastic formulations attempt to capture the uncertainty in problem input parameters such as forecast demand or distance values. The stochastic literature is divided into two classes: that which explicitly considers the probability distribution of uncertain parameters, and that which captures uncertainty through scenario planning. A wide range of model formulations and solution approaches are discussed, with applications ranging across numerous industries.
KW  - Location
KW  - Strategic planning
SP  - 423
EP  - 447
SN  - 0377-2217
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VCT-3YSXK2R-1D/2/5c62dcf7ac2a982fb85e9d904ad9671d
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 273
T1  - Facility location models for distribution system design
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
M3  - 10.1016/j.ejor.2003.10.031
A1  - Klose,Andreas
A1  - Drexl,Andreas
VL  - 162
IS  - 1
PY  - 2005/04/01/
N2  - The design of the distribution system is a strategic issue for almost every company. The problem of locating facilities and allocating customers covers the core topics of distribution system design. Model formulations and solution algorithms which address the issue vary widely in terms of fundamental assumptions, mathematical complexity and computational performance. This paper reviews some of the contributions to the current state-of-the-art. In particular, continuous location models, network location models, mixed-integer programming models, and applications are summarized.
KW  - Distribution system design
KW  - Facility location
KW  - Mixed-integer programming models
KW  - Strategic planning
SP  - 4
EP  - 29
SN  - 0377-2217
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VCT-4BG3VG8-3/2/016d7754e6cd1630133e5f1b2b832eb8
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 275
T1  - Advances in location analysis
JF  - European journal of operational research
A1  - GOMES SALEMA,M. I
A1  - BARBOSA-POVOA,A. P
A1  - NOVAIS,A. Q
VL  - 179
IS  - 3
PY  - 2007///
SP  - 1063
EP  - 1077
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 276
T1  - Facility location under uncertainty: a review
JF  - IIE - Transactions
M3  - 10.1080/07408170500216480
A1  - Snyder,Lawrence V.
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
PY  - 2006///
SP  - 547
EP  - 547
SN  - 0740-817X
UR  - http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/07408170500216480
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 277
T1  - Designing robust emergency medical service via stochastic programming
JF  - European Journal of Operational Research
M3  - 10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00351-5
A1  - Beraldi,P.
A1  - Bruni,M. E.
A1  - Conforti,D.
VL  - 158
IS  - 1
PY  - 2004/10/01/
N2  - This paper addresses the problem of designing robust emergency medical services. Under this respect, the main issue to consider is the inherent uncertainty which characterizes real life situations. Several approaches can be used to design robust mathematical models which are able to hedge uncertain conditions. We are using here the stochastic programming framework and, in particular, the probabilistic paradigm. More specifically, we develop a stochastic programming model with probabilistic constraints aimed to solve both the location and the dimensioning problems, i.e. where service sites must be located and how many emergency vehicles must be assigned to each site, in order to achieve a reliable level of service and minimize the overall costs. In doing so, we consider the randomness of the system as far as the demand of emergency service is concerned. The numerical results, which have been collected on a large set of test problems, demonstrate the validity of the proposed model, particularly in dealing with the trade-off between quality of service and costs management.
KW  - Emergency services
KW  - Facility location
KW  - Health services
KW  - Stochastic programming
SP  - 183
EP  - 193
SN  - 0377-2217
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VCT-494S7WX-N/2/d7bac902a6adf3159b9c721395b5eef5
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 279
T1  - Stochastic p-robust location problems
JF  - IIE - Transactions
M3  - 10.1080/07408170500469113
A1  - Snyder,Lawrence V.
A1  - Daskin,Mark S.
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
PY  - 2006///
SP  - 971
EP  - 971
SN  - 0740-817X
UR  - http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/07408170500469113
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 280
T1  - A modeling framework for facility location of medical services for large-scale emergencies
JF  - IIE - Transactions
M3  - 10.1080/07408170500539113
A1  - Jia,Hongzhong
A1  - Ordóñez,Fernando
A1  - Dessouky,Maged
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
PY  - 2007///
SP  - 41
EP  - 41
SN  - 0740-817X
UR  - http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/07408170500539113
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
ID  - 281
T1  - Elasticity Subgroup Interim Report
A1  - Babcock,B.
A1  - Gurgel,A.
A1  - Stowers,M.
PB  - California Air Resources Board
PY  - 2010///
UR  - http://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/lcfs/workgroups/ewg/Elasticity_report.pdf
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
ID  - 282
T1  - An Exploration of Certain Aspects of CARB’s Approach to Modeling Indirect Land Use from Expanded Biodiesel Production
A1  - Babcock,B.
A1  - Carriquiry,Miguel
PB  - Center for Agricultural and Rural Development
PY  - 2010///
UR  - http://www.card.iastate.edu/publications/DBS/PDFFiles/10sr105.pdf
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 283
T1  - Consequential and attributional approaches to LCA: a guide to policy makers with specific reference to greenhouse gas LCA of biofuels
JF  - Ecometrica, Edinburgh
A1  - Brander,M.
A1  - Tipper,R.
A1  - Hutchinson,C.
A1  - Davis,G.
PY  - 2008///
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
ID  - 284
T1  - Table 6. Carbon Intensity Lookup Table for Gasoline and Fuels that Subsititute for Gasoline
PY  - 2010///
UR  - http://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/lcfs/121409lcfs_lutables.pdf
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 285
T1  - Sensitivity of Carbon Emission Estimates from Indirect Land-Use Change
JF  - Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) Publications
A1  - Dumortier,J.
A1  - Hayes,D. J
A1  - Carriquiry,M.
A1  - Dong,F.
A1  - Du,X.
A1  - Elobeid,A.
A1  - Fabiosa,J. F
A1  - Tokgoz,S.
PY  - 2009///
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 286
T1  - Positive mathematical programming
JF  - American Journal of Agricultural Economics
A1  - Howitt,R. E
VL  - 77
IS  - 2
PY  - 1995///
SP  - 329
EP  - 329
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 287
T1  - Use of US croplands for biofuels increases greenhouse gases through emissions from land-use change
JF  - Science
A1  - Searchinger,T.
A1  - Heimlich,R.
A1  - Houghton,R. A
A1  - Dong,F.
A1  - Elobeid,A.
A1  - Fabiosa,J.
A1  - Tokgoz,S.
A1  - Hayes,D.
A1  - Yu,T. H
VL  - 319
IS  - 5867
PY  - 2008///
SP  - 1238
EP  - 1238
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
ID  - 288
T1  - Land Use Changes and Consequent CO2 Emissions due to US Corn Ethanol Production: A Comprehensive Analysis
A1  - Tyner,Wallace E.
A1  - Baldos,U.
A1  - Zhuang,D. B
PB  - Argonne National Laboratory. http://www. transportation. anl. gov
PY  - 2010///
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
ID  - 289
T1  - Fuel-cycle assessment of selected bioethanol production pathways in the United States
A1  - Wu,M.
A1  - Wang,M.
A1  - Huo,H.
PB  - Argonne National Laboratory
PY  - 2006///
ER  -